Answer:
A. Identity from and devotion to one's country.
Different tiers of government govern the same citizens, but each tier has its own jurisdiction in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration
Answer: ASHKENAZIC jews
The Hebrew word "Ashkenaz" referred to Germany. So "Ashkenazic Jews" is a name used to refer to those of Jewish ancestry living in Germany, as well as surrounding areas (France and eastern Europe).
The Hebrew word "Sepharad" referred to Spain. "Sephardic Jews" refers to Jews of Spain and Portugal, as well as North Africa and the Middle East. Remember that migration of Jewish and Arab populations into Spain and Portugal came by way of North Africa, so that helps you understand why those regions are all grouped under the name "Sephardic."
Answer:
<u>Muslim leader Saladin lost territory, but a treaty with British King Richard I the Lionhearted allowed Muslims to keep control of Jerusalem.</u>
Explanation:
With peace in Jaffa, the crusader cities on the coast receive some security. A crusade state was formed, a truth with a small territory along the coast between Beirut and Jaffa. It belonged to the cities of Tire, Haifa, Caesarea, Arsuf, Jaaf, Lida and Ramla. The capital was the city of Accra with Henry II of Champagne as king. Conrad had been killed several months earlier in the assassination. Henry bore the title of King of Jerusalem even though the city was in Muslim hands. Pilgrims were given the right to visit holy places in Jerusalem without carrying a weapon. For the first time in Jaffa, Muslims recognized the existence of a crusading state.
Imperial nations needed to conquer other nations
