Answer: Complex IV, also known as cytochrome c oxidase, oxidizes cytochrome c and transfers the electrons to oxygen, the final electron carrier in aerobic cellular respiration. The cytochrome proteins a and a3, in addition to heme and copper groups in complex IV transfer the donated electrons to the bound dioxygen species, converting it into molecules of water. The free energy from the electron transfer causes 4 protons to move into the intermembrane space contributing to the proton gradient. Oxygen reduces via the following reaction:
2 cytochrome c(red) + ½O2 + 4 H+(matrix) -> 2 cytochrome c(ox) + 1 H2O + 2 H+(intermembrane)
Explanation:
In the electron transport chain (ETC), the electrons go through a chain of proteins that increases its reduction potential and causes a release in energy. Most of this energy is dissipated as heat or utilized to pump hydrogen ions (H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space and create a proton gradient. This gradient increases the acidity in the intermembrane space and creates an electrical difference with a positive charge outside and a negative charge inside. The ETC proteins in a general order are complex I, complex II, coenzyme Q, complex III, cytochrome C, and complex IV.
Answer:100 percent
Explanation: This is because if both P plants are heterozygous both of them are caring an equal amount of genes hence they have and are 100% P plant heterozygous
<span><span>
1)Bilaterally symmetrical, and vermiform.
2)Body has more than two cell layers, tissues and organs.
3)Body cavity is a pseudocoel, body fluid under high pressure.
4)Body possesses a through gut with a subterminal anus.
5)Body covered in a complex cuticle.
6)Has a nervous system with pharyngeal nerve ring.
7)Has no circulatory system (no blood system)
8)Reproduction normally sexual and gonochoristic.
9)Feed on just about everything.
10)Live just about everywhere, many species are endoparasites.</span></span>
Answer:
Sister chromatids.
Explanation:
Sister chromatids are the two identical halves of a chromosome that are held together at centromere with help of cohesin. DNA replication in the S phase of the cell cycle doubles the amount of DNA. The copies of the DNA formed during DNA replication are accommodated in sister chromatids. Hence, two sister chromatids of a chromosome carry the identical DNA helices and associated proteins.
