#2 and #4 for sure, I'm not sure about the others. Probably not the first one.
Answer a hhjdnndjdndmjdmc deck,dmdmd,dmdmdkd,dmd,kdkdk
Answer: It means an earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.
Explanation:
A word in the nominative case that completes a copulative verb, such as son in the sentence Charlie is my son.
