Causes of the Boxer Rebellion: During the Qing Dynasty, the United States and Europe exerted formidable economic, political and religious influence in China. China had also been intimidated into granting trading rights to the United States and Europe after several military defeats at the hands of the Western powers. It had also been forced to allow entry of foreign Christian missionaries. The Chinese were resentful of the Western influences and the control that the Western powers had over them economically. By the late 1890's a secret group which the Westerners called the Boxers emerged. They blamed their poverty and poor living conditions on the Western nations that were given territorial and commercial rights by the Qing Dynasty. The Boxers began to attack Christian missionaries and Chinese Christians, destroyed churches and other foreign properties. The Qing Empress declared war on all foreign countries with diplomatic ties to China. Diplomats, their families and guards had a hard time repelling the Boxers. Several hundred foreigners and several thousand Chinese Christians were killed during this time.
The Effect: Around 20,000 troops were sent by the Western Nations and Japan to rescue the Christian missionaries, foreigners and Chinese Christians. The Boxer rebellion finally ended one year and almost three months after it began. The Boxer Protocol was signed on September 7, 1901. Under the terms, China had to destroy their forts that protected Beijing and the Boxer and Chinese officials who took part in the rebellion were punished. The Western nations were allowed to maintain troops in Beijing to protect their citizens and China was not allowed to purchase weapons for two years. China agreed to pay $330 million in war reparations (although these were later returned by the foreign countries involved with specific instructions for their use).
The correct answer is letter D
Julius Caesar came to power in Rome, directly or indirectly, sometimes. The last one was in 49 BC, after giving Pompey, once his ally, a coup, taking him out of power and triggering the hunt for the then former president who would result in a civil war.
The articulations even undermined the forces of the Senate and Caesar had, in practice, become a dictator. This whole situation that triggered a great revolt. In a protocol, almost theatrical, meeting in the Roman Senate, dozens of senators surrounded Caesar and annihilated him with knife blows.
The correct answer is: D) nullification.
Jefferson's Kentucky Resolution (drafted in 1798) introduces the theory of nullification. This means that states, individually, can judge a central government law and declare it unconstitutional if they desire to do so.
The force of events moved very quickly upon the election of Lincoln. South Carolina acted first, calling for a convention to secede from the Union. State by state, conventions were held, and the Confederacy was formed. Within three months of Lincoln's election, seven states had seceded from the Union.
King Ewuare developed a trade relationship with Portugal, trading slaves, cotton, and ivory.
