Answer:
A. gerund
Explanation:
The phrase in the question is a gerund phrase.
Gerund phrases are marked by verbs with the "ing" ending, and in general terms, they represent an action in course.
The pharse in the question starts with "By singing the song...", thus, it is a gerund phrase.
Answer:
British philosopher George Berkeley believed in immaterialism, which rejects the existence of physical matter and considers that material objects are only ideas of those who perceive them. In the quotation, he believes that it is impossible to know whether there are things outside the mind. In that matter, he maintains that there exists the same evidence now for thinking that there are things outside the mind, and that same evidence would also exist if there were no things outside the mind.
the answers are darkness and light
