<span>The use of the phrasing "a date which will live in infamy" is an example of an application of an aphorism in speechwriting. An aphorism is a short saying which encapsulates a meaning or idea so fully that it can continue to live on in its own right beyond the context of its initial application. FDR's statement falls squarely into this category, having been used in continual application for many decades since its initial use.</span>
Is there a story or article where this is used in? If not then I'd say hyperbole. "Ice storm of glass" is heavily exaggerated.
That they should fight on the beaches
"the harsh restrictions provoked anger and outrage in the public," is an independent clause. An independent clause is a clause that can stand alone as a sentence and does not need any other parts.
"During the long winter" is an adverbial clause, which means it is describing how something is before the sentence. It could be more closely compared to a dependent clause because it cannot act alone in a sentence.
