Answer:
parasitism,
Explanation:
parasitism, relationship between two species of plants or animals in which one benefits at the expense of the other, sometimes without killing the host organism.
Over Earth's history a number of supercontinents are thought to have existed. The most recent and well understood is the supercontinent known as Pangaea, which formed approximately 335 million years ago and began to break up into the continents we know today, from about 175 million years ago.
It's important to understand that the Earth's crust and it's land masses are in constant flux over geological time. Tectonic plates are shifting continuously and over millions of years this causes land masses to collide and split apart. The way we see the land mass (countries and continents) distributed on a world map today is simply a snap shot in Earth's history. It was a vastly different picture 100 million years ago and will be a vastly different picture in 100 million years. The Himilayan mountain range in Asia is growing today at a rate of about 1cm per year as the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates continue to collide and thrust up crust material to produce the mountains.
The evidence to support the supercontinent theory is not just in tectonic plate theory, it's in the relationships between life on and between different continents. When land masses split and separated populations of plants and animals, they evolved differently to form new species. The intricacies of these inter-species relationships and genetic heritage can be used to track the nature of how the landmasses interacted over time.
Coevolution is the name given to a long term change that takes place in two species because of their close interactions with one another.
Coevolution occurs when the evolution of two or more species mutually depends on each other or influences each other due to their close ecological interactions. Coevolution can create interactions such as predators and prey, parasites and hosts, mutualism and competition.
An example of coevolution is mutualistic interaction between flowering plants and associated pollinators (such as insects) which have ecological interaction and mutually depend on one another. This species are believed to evolve together or probably came together after some time and are mutually adapted. Their interaction is as a result of coevolutionary process.
A and B. Not sure if there's any more
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