during exercise ,energy demand in the muscle increases.which other body system directly provide for this demand?

1 answer:

5 0

During exercise, a number of changes occur to maximise the body's oxygen intake. Firstly our heart rate/ pulse increases. This is due to the heart beating much faster and more forcefully to pump blood faster around the body.
Our breathing rate increases to intake more oxygen and exhale more CO2.

The smooth muscle in our trachea and bronchi relaxes to increase the lumen size thus making breathing easier. Adrenaline may also be released leading further amplifying these changes as well as reducing blood flow to the gut and thus peristalsis occurs at a much slower rate.

Also when we exercise we respire more, producing heat, which must be expelled. This may be done through sweating. Another physiological change that occurs is vasodilation of arterioles closer to the skin to allow more blood to flow closer to the skin, allowing more heat to radiate out.

You might be interested in

While studying the function of a G protein-coupled receptor you develop a modified GTP molecule that has the same binding capabi

laila [671]

<u>Answer:</u>

Effects Include:

Activates secondary messengers such as cAMP which further activates number of hormones like

ADH: production of this hormone causes kidneys to retain more water inside body.

GHRH: release growth factors and stimulates growth of organism.

ACTH: produces fight or flight responses i.e rise in heart beat, rise in Blood pressure etc

TSH: Stimulate the synthesis of Thyroid hormone and enhances the metabolism of body. In rare cases causes Goiter without the deficiency of Iodine.

LH: Stimulate follicle maturation and formation of ovules in women.

Calcitonin: Decreases blood calcium level by deposition calcium in bones. This effect weakens the muscles.

Glucagon: Stimulates glycogen breakdown from liver and muscles and many more effects.

<u>Explanation:</u>

Background Knowledge:

GPCR (G Protien coupled receptors) are present inside plasma membrane in huge amount. As name suggest that these receptors are coupled with G proteins during their inactive state present inside of the cell. During their Inactive state these G proteins are bounded with GDP molecule.

Upon receiving signal molecules from outside of cell alters the shape of GPCR. These receptors also triggers change in G Protein, as a result of this GTP get attached with them. This protein further activates reaction cascades inside of the cell.

What happen if GTP cannot be hydrolyzed to GDP + Pi?

If GTP cannot hydrolyzed in to GDP + Pi than, it cannot be able to dissociate from G proteins. Cascade system doesn't stop and produces many effects on body.

Effects Include:

Activates secondary messengers such as cAMP which further activates number of hormones like

ADH: production of this hormone causes kidneys to retain more water inside body.

GHRH: release growth factors and stimulates growth of organism.

ACTH: produces fight or flight responses i.e rise in heart beat, rise in Blood pressure etc

TSH: Stimulate the synthesis of Thyroid hormone and enhances the metabolism of body. In rare cases causes Goiter without the deficiency of Iodine.