<span>The policy became one of containing the spread of communism. That policy was the reason for about every foreign policy decision made. Examples would be Korean War, Vietnam War, maintenance of large military presence in both Germany and Korea.
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Mostly, the Europeans dominated because their numbers or military technology and organization were superior.
Considering the alternatives, the only alternative that represents any sort of military power being evolved with it is:
d. They built infrastructure to keep military units traveling and intimidating the locals.
Also, the British and other countries did build many railroads in Africa.
President Truman exercise was increased by replacing MacArthur during the Korean War.