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V125BC [204]
3 years ago
5

How were Simon bolivar and Jose de San Martin similar

History
1 answer:
Butoxors [25]3 years ago
5 0

José de San Martín vs. Simón Bolívar

José de San Martín, 1778-1850, and Simon Bolívar, 1783-1830, were two of the primary causes of independence of countries from colonial powers in Latin America. Simon Bolívar is primarily known for liberating Venezuela, and he is called the Liberator of the North. José de San Martín, known as the Liberator of the South, is primarily known for freeing Argentina. Both men are well-known and lived during about the same time period and even met each other. However, their areas of liberation, methods of liberation and motives were very different from each other.

Bolívar and Martín differed in areas of jurisdiction – Venezuela and Argentina, respectively, as well as methods and means of revolution. Bolívar was 26 years old when Venezuela declared its independence in 1811, and under the revolutionary leader he brought back Francisco de Miranda, who had long advocated freedom from the Spanish rule Venezuela was once under, to become Venezuela’s leader. However, after an erratic and unsuccessful leadership, Bolívar captured Miranda (after his rebel army was stopped) and betrayed him by turning over to the Spanish, but the Spanish only sent Bolívar into exile (unlike Miranda, who they imprisoned). After returning from exile, Bolívar taught creoles that they could rebel successfully against 3 decades of Spanish rule, but was then drove out by the Spaniards. After being chased out of Venezuela three more times, while using terror tactics the Spanish had once used against Creoles such as suffocation, while gaining the support of the British and a bond with Haiti, and while declaring that he would abolish slavery as his first official act (if in power), he decided to build a guerilla warfare army in 1817. After defeating the Spanish in New Granada (which consisted of present-day Columbia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Panama) using guerilla tactics and the help of thousands of mercenaries from Britain and Germany, he met with San Martín and desired to take advantage of Spain’s falling empire (due to political disagreements and an army revolt), but did not collaborate with him on a major scale. Bolívar formed a series of nations called “Grand Columbia” out of New Granada from which he intended to make a “model of strength and aggression from outside and of cooperation inside”, however, this unification soon disbanded itself (Adams, 33). Bolívar’s last battle ended in splendor in 1823, as it was entirely between cavalry with swords and lances.

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The colossal heads are the most recognized symbol of the Mayan culture. True or False
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Answer:

FALSE

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The colossal heads are large basalt carvings in the form of human heads. These sculptures were built by the Olmec civilization, which lived in southern Mexico about 900 years before Christ. The sculptures were found by archaeologists and were buried in the region of Mesoamerica. Therefore, the sculptures have no relation with the Mayan civilization. The Mayan civilization lived in the Andes, where today is Peru.

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Chinampas were floating gardens built on swamps. The process of making chinampas was a relatively simple one. First, canals were built through the marshes and swamps. Then, the mud from the canals was placed on mats, which were made from weeds and straw. Then, trees were planted at the corners. When these trees took root, they secured the chinampa firmly in place. Once the floating island was secure and useable, the Aztecs used it to plant their principal crop: corn. They also grew various vegetables (such as avocados, beans, chili peppers, squash, and tomatoes), and sometimes—even flowers. Unfortunately, the Aztecs had no animals or machines to help them work the land. In fact, they didn't even have plows. Thus, it was even more necessary to have soft land. Luckily for the Aztecs, the chinampas were soft enough that it was possible to plant crops with nothing but pointed sticks.

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Maya farmers used a method called slash and burn before they began planting crops. Slash and burn farming was a lot of hard work for Maya farmers. First, the farmer cut down all the trees in the area he wanted to plant crops in. Cutting down the trees was the “slash part” of the slash and burn farming method. Next, he burned the tree stumps, and the trees he had cut down. The ashes from the fires mixed with the soil. The ashes made the soil rich, or fertile. Fertile means good for growing things.

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To compensate, the Incas adopted and improved upon the terracing methods invented by pre-Inca civilizations. They built stone walls to create raised, level fields. These fields formed steplike patterns along the sides of hills that were too steep to irrigate or plough in their natural state. Terraces created more arable land and kept the topsoil from washing away in heavy rains.

Although rain generally falls in the Andes between December and May, there are often years of drought. The Incas constructed complex canals to bring water to terraces and other patches of arable land.

They also made use of natural fertilizers. Guano, the nitrate-rich droppings of birds, was plentiful in coastal areas. In the highlands, farmers used the remains of slaughtered llamas as a fertilizer.

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