Answer:
Jim Crow
Explanation:
"Jim Crow" laws circumvented the 14th Amendment while things like literacy tests, poll taxes, and the "white primary" prevented blacks from voting. It was not until the Civil Rights Movement that these amendments became effective in any real way.
I think not, because it should be anyone's best interest not to start a nuclear war with anyone. Nuclear bombs destroy land and makes the land bombed unable to support life for a long while, since all the plants are destroyed and water and land is contaminated.