It’s C (if this one is wrong then I’m sorry)
When writing a claim you need to take a stance on a particular issue. In this case the issue is whether or not "standardized tests are the proper measuring sticks for student performance." This stance should be the first part of your claim. Then follow it up with "because..." and your three reasons.
For example, Standardized tests are a proper measuring stick for student performance because they can test a student's knowledge on a wide range of subjects, they are the same for everyone, and they are an accurate indicator of how well a student will do in their future studies especially for fields like medicine and law.
Answer:
repitiTION
Explanation:
it repeats twice to emphasize more strongly (almost hyperbolicly) that the author "did not believe" this and that
Daniel Hale Williams was the first man to treat an injured human heart. In Chicago of 1893, Williams treated a colored man (what's his name?) with a knife wound in his heart. In a time when African-Americans and white people were racially segregated through discrimination, this hospital (What's the name of the Hospital Williams worked in?) the only one to treat both black and white people. Dr. Williams did x-rays on (the man's name?) to figure out the best way to treat the injury without killing his patient. There was no time to waste. Williams decided to take a chance and open up the man’s chest ignoring the protests of his fellow doctors. They carefully removed bones and muscles, knowing if they messed up they would lose their patient. Williams examined the stab wound to see how far it went. He went farther than the wound to repare a torn blood vessel and stich up the pericardium (a fluid-filled bag that surrounds the hart). He cleaned up the wound after put back the man`s muscle and bones, and stitched up the torn skin. The surgery was completed and (Name of the man?) successfully recovered. Williams made it on the newspaper in an article titled “Sewed Up His Heart". Dr. Williams took the risk to help someone live despite other's protests making him a hero in the history of the medical field.