Evolution and natural selection are for C. The long term survival of an entire species of organisms. Organisms are better suited to live in a particular environment due to the transmission of specific genes from the parental generation to the offspring that can lead to these species evolving if much mutations are associated also with the passing down of specific alleles for respective genes that enable the organism to survive for a longer duration in its environment.
Glycolysis evolved very early in ancestors that are common to all the domains of life.
This is because the site of glycolysis is cytoplasm which is present in both prokaryotes as well as eukaryotes.
As prokaryotes are the early ancestors of all domains of life therefore it is also considered that glycolysis is evolved very early.
Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. The 22 autosomes are numbered by size. The other two chromosomes, X and Y, are the sex chromosomes. This picture of the human chromosomes lined up in pairs is called a karyotype.
Of the 23 pairs of chromosomes, the first 22 pairs are called "autosomes." The final pair is called the "sex chromosomes." Sex chromosomes determine an individual's sex: females have two X chromosomes (XX), and males have an X and a Y chromosome (XY).
