You repeated the same question twice but the answer is hypothesis.
Answer:
The answer is that NE injection has inhibitory effects on the paraventricular nucleus VPN.
Explanation:
It can be said that the destruction of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) would produce a hyperphagia, on the other hand, the injection of norepinephrine (NE) would increase the feeding in the rats. This is because NE injection has inhibitory effects on the paraventricular nucleus. If neuronal activation in the paraventricular nucleus is increased, food intake by rats would be decreased.
Answer:
They use different detecting methods to assess neuronal circuits
Explanation:
Chemogenetics is a technique widely used in neuroscience research to explore signaling interactions by means of genetically modified receptors capable of interacting with small molecules. Chemogenetics was first used to determine the function of the chalcone isomerase gene by inducing mutations that altered its substrate specificity. On the other hand, optogenetics is a bioluminescence-driven genetic technique used to control genetically modified neurons that express light-gated ion channel genes. This technique is also used to monitor neuronal networks. In consequence, optogenetic and chemogenetic techniques have recently been combined in order to analyze neuronal circuits, it by analyzing the same actuator molecule.
Answer:
The plants are consumed by the deer and bear.
Explanation:
Food Web is nothing but interconnection of two or more food chains.
Deer being a herbivore, eat plants directly. So, Deers are primary consumers as plants are producers in any food chain or food web.
So we can say that the plants are consumed by the deer and bear.
Bear being omnivore eats both plants and animals. That are primary as well as secondary consumers.
