A) secretion of acids and ammonia
Answer: umbrellaology is not science
Explanation:hope I helped :)
Answer:
The humble sunflower appears not quite of this earth. Its yellow crowned head sits atop its stalk like a green broomstick. Its seeds, arranged in a logarithmic spiral, are produced by tiny flowers called disc florets that emerge from the center of its head and radiate outward. But aside from being a biological marvel, the sunflower is also often in the scientific spotlight.
From understanding how new plant species emerge to studying “solar tracking,” which is how the flowers align themselves with the sun’s position in the sky, sunflowers are a darling in the field of science. However, researchers can only get so far in understanding a plant without detailed genetic knowledge. And after close to a decade, it has finally unfurled itself.An international consortium of 59 researchers who set their sights on the laborious task of sequencing and assembling the sunflower’s genome published their results in a 2017 study in Nature. This achievement will provide a genetic basis for understanding how the sunflower responds and adapts to different environments. “We are on the cusp of understanding sunflower adaptability,” says Loren Rieseberg, a leading sunflower expert at the University of British Columbia and a supervisor of this study.
With its genome assembled, scientists are hopeful for the next phase of the sunflower’s scientific career: as a “model crop” for studying climate adaptability in plants. This task is more complex and urgent now than ever. Climate change, according to a paper in the Annals of Botany, “will influence all aspects of plant biology over the coming decades,” posing a threat to crops and wild plants alike.
All of these are the components of the catabolic pathway or using the nutrients to provide energy from it. The breakdown of food molecules begins in the mouth and continues to the small intestine. The nutrients are absorbed through the wall of the small intestine which. The surface of the intestine wall is specially modified (contains a huge number of hair-like structures-microvilli) which increase nutrient absorption. (more area for nutrients to be absorbed). The digestive tract is lined with mucosa which consists of simple columnar epithelial cells. Monomer subunits of the food, like glucose are than absorbed and diffused down a concentration gradient into capillary blood. Glucose is converted into pyruvate molecules through the process of glycolysis. Catabolism ends in the major energy-converting organelle, the mitochondrion, where the ATP is produced.
