The third one is the answe
Answer:
During Reconstruction, the federal government expanded the vote to blacks in the South, and provided some equal protection to black citizens. As Reconstruction failed, however, white supremacists began to use violence and intimidation to oppress blacks. When whites re-gained control of Southern states’ governments, they began to enact laws that oppressed blacks through segregation and disenfranchisement.
Explanation:
The mountainous terrain made city-states become independent from one another.Basically meaning that different city-states did not have any interactions with each other. If so, very little.