My answer is for the United States.
Briefly, the bill has to pass both the Senate and the House of Representatives and it must not be vetoed by the president. That is how something becomes a federal law.
A state law is much the same way except the governor takes the place of the president. If there is only 1 house in the state then it goes from the house of representatives to the Governor who has 10 days to veto it. Nebraska is the only state without a senate.
It was another religion. it would make conflicts much like there is today. which I guess you could say did pass on to today. monarchs at the time normally made it a law to all follow the same religion, however, as it grew, these rules dwindled more and more (sometimes). bit when they didn't, there was plenty of hate between groups.
The summer monsoon brings a humid climate and torrential rainfall to these areas. Rice and tea are some crops that rely on the summer monsoon. Dairy farms, which help make India the largest milk producer in the world, also depend on the monsoon rains to keep cows healthy and well-fed.
maybe the closest cities that are rally close to washington d.c