In the Treaty of Paris, the British Crown formally recognized American independence and ceded most of its territory east of the Mississippi River to the United States, doubling the size of the new nation and paving the way for westward expansion.
Commodore Matthew Perry's expedition in 1853 to Tokyo to force trade with Japan displayed the use of "gunboat diplomacy" by the united states, since the United States was threatening (by implication) to use force if diplomacy failed.
Herman Christian Roebling, Carl Roebling, and Friederike Amalie
Answer:
The answer is A. A new system for paving roads, which allowed his troops to move faster.
Explanation:
In 1796 a new governing body, the Directory, made Napoleon the commander of the French army in Italy, which was then fighting the Austrians and their allies. The Italian campaign showed Napoleon’s military genius. He bewildered his enemies with his rapid movements, and he eventually carried the war into Austria itself and had advanced to within 80 miles of Vienna when the enemy surrendered. He concluded the Treaty of Campo Formio, which gave France more territory. After a failed invasion of Egypt, he returned to France, where the political situation had become unstable. The Directory had lost its popularity among the people, and Napoleon saw an opportunity for self-advancement. In November 1799, he joined in a coup that overthrew the Directory. In its place, a government called the Consulate was set up and had Napoleon as the first of the three consuls.
Within three years, Napoleon was made first consul for life. He instituted reforms in post-revolutionary France, starting with a complete overhaul of military training. <u>He also centralized the government, reorganized the banking and educational systems, supported the arts, and improved relations between France and the pope.</u> His most significant achievement was the Napoleonic Code, which streamlined the French legal system. Continued political opposition from royalists and others soon convinced Napoleon that the best way to discourage conspiracies against him would be to transform the life consulate into a hereditary empire. On May 18, 1804, the French empire was proclaimed, and Napoleon was consecrated emperor of France by Pope Pius VII in the Notre Dame Cathedral on December 2.
