Making notes about specific parts of the text and or keeping a journal of your interpretations. Hope this helps! ;D
Answer:
It means to disturb "the air." For example, the piercing cries is what the air is being disturbed by, so in general, it was silent when all of a sudden it has become disturbed or interrupted. I think this is a metaphor but I'm not sure.
*sorry if im wrong*
Answer:
I haven't read "The great Gatsby"
B is the correct answer.
In this case, there are no personal experiences stated. There are also no interviews with marine biologists about the future of coral reefs. So, the answer is, indeed, B.
I hope this helps!