Before the Black Death hit Europe, almost all things, especially elements of daily life, were under the influence of the church. In medieval times, even boiling an egg took “the time to say a prayer”. But the most important thing was that the church had always told people right from wrong. Since the afterlife was judged more important than the actual lifetime, it was considered essential to be given the last rites and to confess sins before dieing to be sure of salvation.
When the plague arrived, people believed it to be a punishment of God. Therefore, they often turned to the Church for help. But since the priests and bishops could not actually offer a cure or even an explanation, the Catholic Church lost a lot of its influence and for many people, their view of the world changed drastically.
This information came from https://deathblack.wordpress.com/category/church/
Spartans were the first ones to present the democratic society (combined with monarchy) more than 150 years before Athens.
<span>How come?</span>
<span>With two kings,Gerousia,ephoroi and democratic assembly NO one had an absolute power(while mathematically democratic assembly made from all citizens had the most power,even to exile kings), and all (Elders,Ephoroi,Kings,Assembly) controlled and limited the power of each other. </span>
<span>So the assembly of all male citizens (their representatives) basically ruled Sparta.What is that if not democracy? </span>
<span>Athenians did no such thing,their "democratic" system was an absolute power of an assembly that was consequently very popular pray for power hungry,and the place in it was won by all kinds of unmoral deceptions,misuse of poor blind and illiterate etc</span>
<span>Being passive or not military effective has nothing to do with democratic society...Contrary to the popular belief Spartan citizens were not repressed...they wished and believed in what they were doing. How undemocratic was Athenian society clearly shows their treatment of women.</span>
Answer:
1495 - 1527 High Renaissance
1495 - Leonardo da Vinci paints the Last Supper.
1498 - Vasco da Gama arrives in India after sailing around the southern tip of Africa from Portugal.
1501 - Michelangelo begins his work on the sculpture David.
1503 - Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa.
Explanation:
One of the most important events was the Peace of Augsburg in 1555.
This was a peace treaty signed by Charles V, Holy Roman emperor at the time, and princes within the Holy Roman empire that were members of the Schmalkaldic league. This league consisted of princes that supported Lutheranism. This event was one of the main events of the Reformation and caused a serious religious division within the empire. Local princes were now allowed to choose between Catholicism and Lutheranism and this meant that the division in the Catholic church had spread to the top levels. The main principle of the treaty was “cuius regio, eius religio”. This translates to “Whose realm, his religion” and meant that the ruler of a certain area could decide which religion was practiced in that area (even though the choice was only between Catholicism and Lutheranism). This treaty was a political one as much as a religious one. Now, princes and other local rulers could choose Lutheranism if they had a quarrel with the pope or a Catholic king.
c.
the population of politicians, lawyers, and opportunists.
