As a cell is formed during meiosis in prophase I, each chromosome matches up with its opposite chromosome that is the same size. These chromosomes are both maternal (from the mother) and paternal (from the father). Then, the bottoms of these chromosomes exchange genetic information by replacing the bottom of one of their strand.Genetic recombination
When a cell undergoes meiosis, it gets either its mother's or father's chromosome for each cell. The chances for each of these is completely random, so it produces genetic diversity instead of it all coming from one parent.
B. after several generations, this trait is likely to be much more common because individuals with the trait will have greater chance of passing it onto their offspring
"Send a robot to measure how much oxygen is dissovled in ocean water at various depths, because the amount of oxygen dissovled in water changes with pressure" <–– the answer