Answer:
For recessive traits to be observed, dominant genes must be absent.
Explanation:
There are 3 possibilities for the genes: AA, Aa, aa.
in both AA and Aa, there is a dominant gene present. If a dominant gene is present, it will always show the dominant trait.
In aa, there is no dominant gene present, and there are only recessive genes. Because of this, the recessive trait is observed!
Answer:reactants, activation, product
Explanation:
<h2>Answer:</h2>
C: Lactic acid fermentation
<h2>Explanation:</h2>
Cellular respiration without oxygen is called anaerobic respiration. ETS (or electron transport chain) reactions happen as the last step of aerobic cellular respiration, therefore it is incorrect.
Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic process by which glucose and other six-carbon sugars are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate, which is lactic acid in solution. It is an anaerobic fermentation reaction.
The cytokine describes the group of proteins such as interferons and interleukins that regulate cell communication, mainly produced by the immune system in normal and pathological conditions.
<h3>What is a cytokine?</h3>
They are messenger molecules with a glycoprotein structure, whose lifetime is short and generally secreted in cascades.
They are produced by different activated cells, responsible for innate and/or acquired immunity, and regulate the immune and inflammatory response.
Therefore, we can conclude that the cytokine describes the group of proteins that regulate cell communication, mainly produced by the immune system in normal and pathological conditions.
Learn more about cytokine here: brainly.com/question/17215490
