During the electron transport, chan energy stored in electrons is used to pump hydrogen protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space. The numbers of protons increase this creates a chemical gradient(because there is a higher concentration of ions) and an electrical gradient(because the intermembrane space becomes more positive than the matrix because of the protons-H⁺). Those protons need to flow towards the matrix for equilibrium to occur. As we know the inside membrane of the mitochondria has a reduced permeability. The main place where protons can diffuse is the ATP-synthase(a protein that turns ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP). When protons pass through they release the energy necessary for this reaction to occur(ADP+H₃PO₄-->ATP+H₂O)
Carbon is the universal building block for life as we know it. Its ability to form complex, stable molecules with itself and other elements, particularly hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen is unique. Rings are also formed by -O- bridges between carbon atoms lanation.
This is called B. Mutualism. The termite and the wood-digesting protozoa both receive benefits from each other, and therefore are in a "mutual" relationship.
I'm not sure if i fully understood your question but i'll go ahead and answer it .. The DNA molecule has the promotor region which is detected by the transcription factors that are responsible to start transcription ( and hence , unzipping the dna strands )
Answer:
The cell membrane (plasma membrane) is a thin semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell. Its function is to protect the integrity of the interior of the cell by allowing certain substances into the cell while keeping other substances out.
Explanation:
Hope this helps :)
