All right.
Differences with the Historical Model:
1. That model shows the planet's orbits as perfect circles, not ellipses.
<span>2. Aristotle believed in a geocentric (Earth centered) solar system, while it actually is heliocentric Sun centered). </span>
<span>3. That model didn't show all the planets we know today, such as Neptune, Uranus, etc. </span>
<span>4. A lot of that model was based on religious beliefs.
</span>Differences with Modern Model:
1. Our model shows the orbits as ellipses.
<span>2. Our model shows a heliocentric solar system. </span>
<span>3. Our model shows all the planets we know today. </span>
<span>4. Our model has nothing to do with religion.
</span>Similarities Between Both Models:
1. They both are based on the same solar system.
<span>2. They both show the inner planets, the Moon, the Sun, Jupiter, and Saturn. </span>
<span>3. The both were made by many observations of the sky.
</span>
Hope this helps.:b
Answer:
Since high ethanol is a major stress during ethanol fermentation, ethanol-tolerant yeast strains are highly desirable for ethanol production on an industrial scale. A technology called global transcriptional machinery engineering (gTME), which exploits a mutant SPT15 library that encodes the TATA-binding protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Alper et al., 2006; Science 314: 1565-1568), appears to be a powerful tool. to create ethanol tolerant strains. However, the ability of the strains created to tolerate high ethanol content in rich media remains to be demonstrated. In this study, a similar strategy was used to obtain five strains with higher ethanol tolerance (ETS1-5) of S. cerevisiae. When comparing the global transcriptional profiles of two selected strains ETS2 and ETS3 with that of the control, 42 genes that were commonly regulated with a double change were identified. Of the 34 deletion mutants available in an inactivated gene library, 18 were sensitive to ethanol, suggesting that these genes were closely associated with tolerance to ethanol.
Explanation:
Eight of them were novel and most were functionally unknown. To establish a basis for future industrial applications, the iETS2 and iETS3 strains were created by integrating the SPT15 mutant alleles of ETS2 and ETS3 into the chromosomes, which also exhibited increased tolerance to ethanol and survival after ethanol shock in a rich medium. Fermentation with 20% glucose for 24 h in a bioreactor revealed that iETS2 and iETS3 grew better and produced approximately 25% more ethanol than a control strain. The performance and productivity of ethanol also improved substantially: 0.31 g / g and 2.6 g / L / h, respectively, for the control and 0.39 g / g and 3.2 g / L / h, respectively, for iETS2 and iETS3.
Therefore, our study demonstrates the utility of gTME in generating strains with increased tolerance to ethanol that resulted in increased ethanol production. Strains with increased tolerance to other stresses such as heat, fermentation inhibitors, osmotic pressure, etc., can be further created using gTME.
If seed color and shape were located on the same chromosome
The end product is proteins.
Mutuaism
because they both benift from each other