There are a few different answers to this question, depending on what you are asking. I'll go over the main ones.
1. The Earth's axis is tilted in comparison to the Sun, so days get shorter in the winter months. This is due to less light, and therefore energy, hitting the Earth directly. Instead, that energy either misses entirely, or hits nearer to the Equator. This is why the poles have twenty-four hour days and nights depending on the season. (Night in the winter, day in the summer.)
2. In terms of the food chain, energy from the sun is converted to basic sugars by plants in a process known as photosynthesis, inside the plant's cloroplasts. Small animals such as mice and insects consume the plants, and the energy those plants converted from sunlight. This continues up the food chain until you get to apex-predators (tigers, bears, wolves, owls, etcetera).
3. In terms of electricity, solar panels are made of tons of 'solar cells' which tend to be lots of silicon atoms, which like to share electrons, and a conductive backing. (Pardon me if some of this section is incorrect, I only have a basic understanding of solar panels) When a photon (that is, a light particle) hits the silicon, it bumps off an electron, and the conductive backing catches it, resulting in a electrical current. This current is incredibly small per solar cell, so you need a ton of them to make any sort of useful power out of them. Solar panels do degrade over time, but incredibly slowly, there are some from the 1970's that still generate just as much power as they did originally (if not, only ever so slightly less).
I hope I answered what you needed to know! If you wanted a different answer, feel free to comment with some clarification and I would love to fill you in :)
Two reduced-form, econometric models of developed land area were estimated with the data from the USDA’'s National Resource Inventory and numerous other sources for 49 states during 1982-1997. In these linear and semi-quadratic fixed-effects models, developed land area is smaller where the average real gas price or conservation- reserve-program payment per enrolled acre during the previous five years is higher. This area also decreases as the average share of lower-house Democrats or real per-capita agricultural and mining production during the previous five years grows. Increases in a state’'s average population and average annual growth rate of real non-agricultural and non-mining output per capita during the previous five years induce land development. Policies that increase real CRP payments per enrolled acre, improve the real returns to agriculture and mining, reduce population growth, or raise real gasoline prices are likely to reduce land development.
May be due to the lack of water and rain. im not 100% sure but ill try googleing it too.
A. Killing your own slaves is not a crime
There can be several answers to this, but I can try to help you out-
Imams- essentially, people who are the “perfect humans” and interpret the Islamic faith perfectly
The Quran is considered to be the direct word of god
The belief that the same message or truth was revealed to humanity by a series of prophets
