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Elden [556K]
3 years ago
9

How do vocal perform differently in plant cell and unicellular like organism like amoeba ​

Biology
1 answer:
olga_2 [115]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Vacuoles are storage sacs used for storing liquid and solid contents.they are small in animal cells and large in plant cells.in plant cells vacuoles are full of cell sap and provide turgidity and rigidity to the cell.in single celled organisms like amoeba,the food vacuole contain the food item that amoeba has consumed.in some unicellular organisms specialised vacuoles also play important role in expelling excess water and some waste from the cell.

Explanation:

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91 mm = _____ cm<br><br> a. 910<br><br> b. 9.1<br><br> c. .91<br><br> d. .091
umka2103 [35]

Answer Letter B - 9,1 cm

3 0
3 years ago
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The plasma membrane , according to the fluid-mosaic model is composed mailer of
Anit [1.1K]

Solution:

According to the accepted current theory, known as the fluid mosaic model, the plasma membrane is composed of a double layer (bilayer) of lipids, oily substances found in all cells. The fluid mosaic model was first proposed by S.J. The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the plasma membrane as a mosaic of components —including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character. Plasma membranes range from 5 to 10 nm in thickness.

Thus this is the required answer.

5 0
3 years ago
Following antigenic stimulation, phosphorylation of _________ relieves inhibition of the transcription factor
Maru [420]

Answer: zap70, ITAM.

Explanation:

An antigen is any substance that is capable of stimulating an immune response by activating lymphocytes, which are the body’s infection-fighting white blood cells. Examples of antigens could be proteins that are part of bacteria or viruses or components of serum and red blood cells from other individuals, all of them are foreign antigens originated outside the body. However, there can also be autoantigens (which are self-antigens), originated within the body. In normal conditions, the body is able to distinguish self from nonself. <u>And the antigens that represent a danger induces an immune response by stimulating the lymphocytes to produce antibody or to attack the antigen directly</u>. This is called an antigenic stimulation of the immune system.

ZAP-70 (Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70) is a protein that is part of the T cell receptor, thereby it plays a critical role in T-cell signaling. When the TCR (receptor of T cells) is activated by the presentation of the specific antigen through the MHC, a protein called Lck acts to phosphorylate the intracellular CD3 chains and the ζ chains of the TCR complex, allowing the binding of the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, ZAP-70. Lck then phosphorylates and activates ZAP-70, which in turn phosphorylates another molecule in the signaling cascade called LAT (short for Linker of Activated T cells), a transmembrane protein that serves as an anchor site for several other proteins. The tyrosine phosphorylation cascade initiated by the Lck culminates in the intracellular mobilization of calcium ion (Ca2+) <u>and the activation of important signaling cascades within the lymphocytes.</u> These include the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway, which is based on activating certain transcription factors such as NFAT, NFκB and AP-1. These transcription factors regulate the production of of certain gene products, most notably cytokines such as interleukin-2 that promote the long-term proliferation and differentiation of activated lymphocytes.

The ITAM motifs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif) are sequences of four amino acids present in the intracellular tails of certain proteins that serve as receptors within the immune system. Thus, <u>some receptors such as the TCR have ITAM sequences that, when activated, trigger an intracellular reaction based on consecutive phosphorylations</u>.  Kinases are recruited for this purpose.

So, ZAP-70 is a protein tyrosine kinase with a role in T-cell receptor signal transduction. During T-cell activation, ZAP-70 binds to ITAM and becomes tyrosine phosphorylated. The binding of ZAP-70 to the phosphorylated ITAM is able to activate its kinase activity, <u>and relieves the inhibition of the transcription factor which regulates genes that are involved in the immune reaction</u>.

6 0
3 years ago
Raya conducts an experiment to study the effect of altitude on the growth of plants she gathered plant samples and places them o
aniked [119]

Answer:

Independent variable: ALTITUDE

dependent variable: GROWTH OF PLANTS

Confounding variable: STOREYS OF THE BUILDING

Explanation:

In an experiment, the basic components i.e primary variables that an experiment should contain, are the independent and dependent variables.

- The independent variable is the variable that is changed or manipulated in an experiment. In this experiment, the ALTITUDE of the plant is the independent variable.

- The dependent variable is the variable that responds to changes to the independent variable. It is the variable measured in an experiment. In this case, the dependent variable is the GROWTH OF THE PLANTS.

- The confounding variable is a variable that has an extra influence on the outcome of the experiment. In other words, the confounding variable has an impact on the dependent variable. In this case, the confounding variable is the STOREYS OF THE BUILDING.

3 0
3 years ago
Will give five stars, heart, and brainliest to first right answer
Sliva [168]

Answer:

The skeletal system provides a frame to

support and protect the body and allows the

body to move.

6 0
2 years ago
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