Answer:
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These are the main factors that led to the rise of Communism:
- The Communist Manifesto (1848). Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' work directed towards the proletariat (workers) in a intent for them to rebel against the bourgeoisie that grew rich at their expenses.
- Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). This fight over the imperial ambitions in Korea and Manchuria ended with multiple russian defeats and casualties that generated much discontent in the masses.
- Bloody Sunday. In January 1905, soldiers of the Imperial Guard, fired against unarmed demonstrators that were trying to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II.
- 1905 Russian Revolution. As a direct consequence of the Russo-Japanese War and Bloody Sunday, waves of masses moved in discontent with the Imperial Government. Even though the Tsar kept in the throne, the Revolution led to the October Manifesto and the Russian Constitution of 1906.
- Vladimir Lenin. Lenin was the marxist intellectual who became the leader of the Bolsheviks, a radical group that became an important force in the Revolution.
- World War I. The unrest of the masses only grew with the administration of the Tsar and Russia's presence in World War I.
- 1917 Russian Revolution. Two massive revolutions happened in 1917: one in February, that resulted in the abdication of the Tsar and the collapse of the Imperial Government; and other in October that collapsed the Provisional Government, started the Russian Civil War and established the <em>Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic</em>.
Answer:
The Industrial revolution is what many consider to be what began the modern era of most European societies, but few people agree on an exact date when that revolution became manifest. Some connect that loosely with the revolutionary scientific discovery of Antoine Lavoisier in France, which proved, among other things, that alchemy was an impossibility. Others point to events around the American revolution, or the "Glorious Revolution" in England.
Still other opinions say that we only became truly modern with the advent of the atomic age or even the space age in the 1950s and '60s. In artistic terms, the end of World War 1 is used in western art and music as the general point after which artists are referred to as modern. In religious terms, however, opinions for the most part go much further than that. Modern Rabbinic Judaism, for example, usually refers to the development of the religion since the compilation of the Talmud, around the 6th Century CE.
In paleontological terms, "modern" could refer to the period of recorded history (up to about five or six thousand years ago), or up to the earliest specimen of Homo sapiens being found in Africa and the Fertile Crescent (up to 100,000 years agoor more).
Explanation:
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All of the aforementioned were designed to help the Allied powers during World War II. Even though the US wanted to stay "neutral" when World War II broke out, they did want to benefit by maintaining economic relationships with these countries.
The Lend-Lease Act is a perfect example. This allowed the US government to lend weapons and other materials to nations like France, Great Britain, and China during World War II. If the goods weapons/materials were destroyed, it was on the country using them to replace it.
The Cash and Carry policy was another example of the US government helping the Allied powers. This policy stated that countries may buy materials from the US, as long as they pay in cash and provide transportation for the materials at their own risk.
Both of these show that even though the US was not technically in the war yet, they heavily favored the Allied powers.
The executive power has grown thanks to the social perception of international crisis. Additionally, this has caused the three branches of public power to weaken.
The central theme of the text is the transformation that the central executive power of the United States has had, influenced by different factors such as:
- Indochina War
- Watergate case
These events have caused the presidency of the United States to acquire more power to make decisions. One of the important aspects of this transformation is international politics because the influence of the international crisis made the executive branch grow in importance.
This deepened an internal crisis between the balance of powers, because the executive branch acquired more power in foreign affairs and this situation is being projected onto the national scene of the United States.
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In the last years presidential primacy, so indispensable to the political order, has turned into presidential supremacy. The constitutional Presidency—as events so apparently disparate as the Indochina War and the Watergate affair showed, has become the imperial Presidency and threatens to be the revolutionary Presidency. . . . The imperial Presidency was essentially the creation of foreign policy. A combination of doctrines and emotions—belief in the permanent and universal crisis, fear of communism, faith in the duty and right of the United States to intervene swiftly in every part of the world—had brought about the unprecedented centralization of decisions. Prolonged war in Vietnam strengthened the tendencies toward both centralization and exclusion. So the imperial Presidency grew at the expense of the constitutional order. Like the cowbird, it hatched its own eggs and pushed the others out of the nest. And, as it overwhelmed the traditional separation of powers in foreign affairs, it began to aspire toward an equivalent centralization of power in the domestic polity.
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