1750s- To be precise, the first American hospital was the Pennsylvania Hospital, established in Philadelphia in 1752. The institution's first hospital pharmacist was Jonathan Roberts, who was succeeded by John Morgan. John Morgan played a vital role in the future of hospital pharmacy
That it would be a long drawn out war
Im not sure, but i think that its c. i hope this helps
Mary White Ovington, Ida B. Wells, W.E.B. Du Bois