The main difference between the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire concerned the official religions they practiced. Whereas the Roman Empire was officially pagan up for most of its existence, the Byzantine Empire was Christian. The Byzantine Empire was the significant remnant of the Roman Empire that survived in southeastern Europe for a thousand years after the official fall of Rome in 476 CE. As noted, a key difference with Rome was that the Byzantine Empire was always Christian rather than pagan. This hardwired into Byzantium a lack of cultural openness to the kind of religious diversity that had helped classical Rome to expand and thrive.
Another important difference was the relative weakness of Byzantium vis-à-vis the Roman Republic's power in its heyday. While powerful in some ways, Byzantium did not function as a hegemonic cultural, political, and military superpower in the same way as did the classical Roman Empire. This had the downside of leaving western Europe vulnerable to attacks, particularly from Viking marauders, that would not have occurred under the Roman Empire, but this also created an upside in which the western Europeans were forced to create their own vibrant and flexible cultural, political, and military institutions and infrastructures in order to survive.
Byzantium remained crucially important, however, because it controlled Constantinople, the gateway to the Mediterranean as well the gateway to overland passages to Asia. This was a source of access to vital trade routes with the East that this remnant of the Roman empire safeguarded for western Europe. Unfortunately, however, unlike Rome in its heyday, Byzantium ultimately lacked military might to keep this territory from Muslim conquest.
Answer:
It should be Frederick Law Olmsted.
Answer
1. It set in a process that led to displacement, removal and relocation of the natives
2. Mining rested on the white American talent for claiming legitimacy
3. Created a rapid urbanization kind of settlement
Explanation
There was a friction between miners and Indians during the rush for Gold mining that resulted into the displacement of the natives. Mining in California rested on the white American talent for claiming legitimacy. This is to say that most of them were newcomers yet it did not prevent them from claiming legitimacy of the place as occupants ignoring natives that had the right to local resources. Mining in the west brought concentrated populations, where the mining patterns of settlements turned out to be the future settlement pattern of the region.
