For a) you would start at positive 4 then go up 2 then right 2 and repeat that
Carlita was either sipping the hot chocolate while she was out, or else
approximating the numbers. The exact number she reported is not
possible. To see why, I'll do it strictly by the math:
Robins = 5 times
Cardinals = 1 time
Total birds = 6 times
6 times = 25 birds
Divide each side by 6 : 1 time = 25/6 = 4-1/6 birds
Robins = 5 times = 20-5/6 of them
Cardinals = 1 time = 4-1/6 of them
Total: (20-5/6) + (4-1/6) = 25 birds.
How many more robins than cardinals = (20-5/6) - (4-1/6) = 16-2/3 more.
The math works out fine. But if the numbers she reported are true,
then some of what she saw was partial birds ... legs, or feathers,
things like that. Eeeew. I don't want to talk about it.
You get the answer by counting the units, the answer is 3.