Facilitated diffusion.
A protein channel is used to allow larger or charged molecules to enter/leave the cell.
Answer:
Phenotypic changes:
When Rhodobacter is cultured in total darkness for multiple generations, the ability to produce it's own photopigment reduces with time with little or no ability to undergo its own photosynthesis due to absence of enzymes or pigment for photosynthesis.
It becomes expensive for the Rhodobacter to undergo photosynthesis. This allows mutants that can grow in the dark to take over from the culture grown in the dark.
Evolutionary processes:
It's natural selection that allows the fittest organism to survive. As in the case of the mutants
Answer:
Sewage, oil, pesticides and fertilizers affect water quality.
Explanation:
There are three types of pollution i. e. air pollution, soil pollution and water pollution. Smoke and smog are present in the air is the example of air pollution, waste product, using of pesticide and industrial dumping are the example of soil pollution and chemicals in water due to runoff of fertilizer, sewage and oil are the main agents of water pollution. These three types of pollution adversely affected the water quality. Water quality will be affected when the fertilizer or pesticides runoff from land to water bodies. Sewage and oil also lowers the quality of water.
Answer:
Ideally, the experimental and control groups are identical. As much as possible, the two groups should overlap in every characteristic.
Explanation:
At the beginning of your study, you need your two groups to be as statistically similar as is humanly possible. That way, when you control for other variables, you can reasonably attribute any statistically significant differences at the end of the study to your intervention.
