The first question is mostly likely the people's republic of china.
I know because china is more commonly known for that.
The second question is India and China.
I know both these countries have a huge problem with pollution as they have many industries.
The Homestead Act of 1862 mainly affected c) the westward settlement of farmers. The Homestead Acts are defined as "several United States federal laws that gave an applicant ownership of land, typically called a "homestead", at little or no cost."
