Answer:
Hybridization may drive rare taxa to extinction through genetic swamping, where the rare form is replaced by hybrids, or by demographic swamping, where population growth rates are reduced due to the wasteful production of maladaptive hybrids. Conversely, hybridization may rescue the viability of small, inbred populations. Understanding the factors that contribute to destructive versus constructive outcomes of hybridization is key to managing conservation concerns. Here, we survey the literature for studies of hybridization and extinction to identify the ecological, evolutionary, and genetic factors that critically affect extinction risk through hybridization. We find that while extinction risk is highly situation dependent, genetic swamping is much more frequent than demographic swamping. In addition, human involvement is associated with increased risk and high reproductive isolation with reduced risk. Although climate change is predicted to increase the risk of hybridization‐induced extinction, we find little empirical support for this prediction. Similarly, theoretical and experimental studies imply that genetic rescue through hybridization may be equally or more probable than demographic swamping, but our literature survey failed to support this claim. We conclude that halting the introduction of hybridization‐prone exotics and restoring mature and diverse habitats that are resistant to hybrid establishment should be management priorities.
Explanation:
Because the hanging wall moves up relative to the foot wall, most of these faults place older rocks over younger rocks.<span />
It depends on the species
Hello! Polar climate is in North & South Poles, where the weather there is extremely cold. Just by looking at the answer choices alone, A and B are both eliminated, because it is not hot, warm, or humid. Plus, the weather described in those answer choices does not fit at all. D is out as well, because the weather does not vary in the poles. It is very cold year-round. The only answer choice that even makes sense in this problem is C. Therefore, the answer is C.
The correct answer among the choices presented above is the fourth option. Magnetic minerals are a part of molten rock at mid-ocean ridges. Examples are chromite, magnetite, limenite and ferberite. Hope this answers the question.
