When (R)-2-chloro-3-methylbutane is treated with potassium tert-butoxide, a monosubstituted alkene is obtained. When this alkene
1 answer:
Answer:
See explanation and image attached
Explanation:
The reaction of (R)-2-chloro-3-methylbutane with potassium tert-butoxide yields a monosubstituted alkene .
Since the base is bulky, the Hoffman product predominates because attack occurs at the less hindered carbon atom to yield the major product as shown.
The alkene reacts with HBr at the secondary carbon atom to yield a carbocation intermediate which is flat and planar. Attack on either face of the carbocation yields a racemic mixture of the (2R) and (2S) products.
Rearrangement of the carbocation to yield a tertiary carbocation gives the 2-bromo-2-methyl butane product as shown in the image attached.
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Answer:
- "Newton’s viscosity law’s states that, the shear stress between adjacent fluid layers is proportional to the velocity gradients between the two layers".
- A non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid which the relationship between the shear stress and the velocity gradient is not properly defined by the Newton's viscosity law, thus, the behavior is not lineal but potential.
Explanation:
Hello, here the answers:
- "Newton’s viscosity law’s states that, the shear stress between adjacent fluid layers is proportional to the velocity gradients between the two layers" (taken from Kundu, P. K., Cohen, I. M., & Dowling, D. R. (2012). Fluid mechanics.), thus, it means that when you have a fluid with an acting-on-it share stress (an external force which move the fluid), the related velocity gradient (variation or change in velocity) at which the layers are moving are related as:
Whereas is the shear stress,
is the viscosity and the differential accounts for the change in the velocity in the arbitrary
coordinate.
- A non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid which the relationship between the shear stress and the velocity gradient is not properly defined by the Newton's viscosity law, thus, the behavior is not lineal but potential, based on:
Whereas accounts for a decreasing or increasing behavior of the shear stress.
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