During 1200 to 1450, Timbuktu had the largest library in the world and it held hundreds of thousands of books. Their library brought them great wealth and prosperity. However, after Chris Columbus and his Spanish explorers discovered the Americas and eventually started the Columbian Exchange, Africans were greatly disadvantaged. The Europeans captured millions of West Africans and transported them to the Americas as slaves. Timbuktu was located in West Africa. Their library is their biggest token of wealth after all the horror all the enslaved West Africans went through.
The steam engine now allowed materials to be transported into different factories.
They are portrayed as savages, that lost their land to conquering Europeans and that what they tried to do they regret not achieving.
nationalism, imperialism, militarism , and forming allies
Although rice and maize are the two major staple crops of the region, wheat, millet, barley, potato, mustard and some other minor crops also make important contributions to hill agriculture. Rice can be grown virtually everywhere below 1800m on irrigated land, and maize on rainfed land up to an altitude of 2500m.
