Bryophytes never form xylem tissue, the special lignin- containing, water-conducting tissue that is found in the sporophytes of all vascular plants.
Genetic information from DNA to RNA is called transcription which involves the enzyme RNA polymerase. The DNA is read from 3' to 5' in direction and produces an mRNA (messenger RNA) which contains the genetic data from the DNA. This mRNA strand is further processed in the nucleus (capping and adding a poly-A tail) before being transported to the cytoplasm.
The information contained in mRNA is used to make a polypeptide chain is called translation. This involves the use of ribosomes in the cytoplasm which attach themselves to the mRNA strand then using tRNA (transfer RNA) to add amino acids to the elongating polypeptide depending on the codon in the mRNA.
Cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis. it happens during the nuclear division phase called anaphase, which continues through telophase.
