Answer:
(A) - The volume of the blood plasma increases on overhydration and decreaes on dehydration.
(B) - Osmolality of blood increases with the dehydration and decreases with the overhydration.
Explanation:
If the levels of drinking water is increased, then the plasma becomes more dilute and the plasma volume increases because <u>the water will be reabsorbed more and which as a result reduces plasma concentration of the solutes and increases volume of plasma.</u>
Plasma osmolality measures electrolyte-water balance of the body. <u>As mentioned, above on overhydration, the plasma concentration of the solutes decraeses which also decreases osmolality. So, Osmolality of blood increases with the dehydration and decreases with the overhydration. </u>Increased osmolality in blood stimulate the secretion of antidiuretic hormone which results in the increased water reabsorption and therefore, more concentrated urine and hence blood plasma with less concentration.
Answer: Option D " decrease, more, decreasing"
Explanation:
Pulmonary surfactant can be defined as the surface-active proteins which is made of type II alveolar cells. These surfactant is made of protein and lipids which are both hydrophobic and hydrophillic in nature.
It greatly reduces the surface tension in the alveoli, which make the lungs more compliant (ability of the lungs to stretch and expand) and hence, decreases the work required to inflate it.
Thus the correct answer is option D
