Answer:
a. $100
b. 2,400 units
c. $380,952
d. $2,256,000
e. 15.90 %
f. 3,400 units
Explanation:
Contribution margin per unit
Contribution margin per unit = Sales per unit less Variable Cost per unit
Therefore,
Contribution margin per unit = $160 - $60
= $100
Break-even in units
The Breakeven units is the level of activity where a firm makes neither a profit nor a loss.
Break-even in units = Fixed Cost ÷ Contribution margin per unit
Therefore,
Break-even in units = $240,000 ÷ $100
= 2,400 units
Break-even in sales dollars
Break-even in sales dollars = Fixed Cost ÷ Contribution margin ratio
Where,
Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin ÷ Sales
= $100 ÷ $160
= 0.63
Therefore,
Break-even in sales dollars = $240,000 ÷ 0.63
= $380,952
After-tax net income
Contribution ( $100 × 40,000 ) $4,000,000
Less Fixed Cost ($240,000)
Next Income Before Tax $3,760,000
Less Income tax at 40 % ($1,504,000)
Net Income After Tax $2,256,000
Effect of the Change on Income
First, calculate the Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL).
The DOL shows the times Net Income Before Interest and Tax will change as a result of a change in sales contribution.
Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) = Contribution ÷ Net Income
Therefore,
Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) = $4,000,000 ÷ $3,760,000
= 1.06
Effect on Income using the DOL = 1.06 × 15% = 15.90 %
Therefore Net Income would also increase by 15.90 %.
Units to be sold to earn an income of $100,000
Units to Earn a Target Profit = (Fixed Costs + Target Profit) ÷ Contribution margin per unit
Therefore,
Units to be sold to earn an income of $100,000 = ($100,000 + $240,000) ÷ $100
= 3,400 units
