Columbus didn’t set out to prove the earth was round and Columbus was likely not the first European to cross the Atlantic Ocean. Hope i help!
Judaism rejects that Jesus was the Son of God because they do not believe that 1) there is but one God, not a trinity 2) God is and always has been so he couldn't be born or died 3) he did not fulfill the messianic law 4) that Jesus could save anyone (salvation) because they do not believe people are born with sin but sin by committing acts which can be forgiven.
There is the rising belief among Jews that Jesus was not a heretic but a very good man who WAS a Jew. They do not have to believe he was the Christ to know that his teachings were good. They want to clear their names from being the ones who were responsible of turning over one of their own to the Romans.
There are also Christian Jews. These are people of Jewish descent who now believe that Jesus was the Christ, the Son of God.
It help the government to enforce these beliefs
The European powers met at Berlin in the year 1884, to regulate the colonization and trade done on Africa during the New Imperialism period. This was done with Germany's sudden emergence as an imperial power. This meeting was known as the Berlin Conference aka Congo Conference. This meeting was organized by Otto von Bismark and has led to lost of autonomy of most African empires and countries. Europeans seek to control Africa for their growing needs on raw materials. 13 European nations and the United States participated on this conference.
Richard Arkwright I am not sure but that should be the answer.
