Tobacco put the colonies on the map cotton was super huge for southern colonies.
It is probably the partition of India which was the division of British and India in 1947 which eventually created two independent dominions, India and Pakistan.
Checks and balances, evenly distributed the power amongst the branches of government and disallowing one to have more power than another.
A period of great achievements in art, science, religion, philosophy, and politics.
I would have to go with "senate" because, senatorial the characteristics of senators so the senate is where you would find these characteristics.