Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
<span>nuclear as in the sun. It heats up the organic material until nitrogen is released as it decomposes. Nitrogen recirculates back into the air supply. </span>
The zone of proximal development, often abbreviated as ZPD, is the difference between what a learner can do without help, and what they can't do<span>.
</span>For instance, an instructor is instructing students regarding the water cycle. If an instructor has already instructed a lesson on the thought of evaporation, the teacher ought to use this previous information of evaporation once introducing info regarding condensation. The kid can then be ready to build connections between the various <span>phases of the water cycle.</span>
