When a drug binds to a receptor in the body , the receptor is activated or inactivated.
Molecules such as hormones, drugs or neurotransmitters that bind to a receptor are called ligands. The binding can be specific and reversible. A ligand may activate or inactivate the receptor; activation may increase or decrease a particular cell function. Each ligand may interact with multiple receptor subtypes.
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In prophase, the chromatin network begins to coil and appears as a long thread-like structures called chromosomes. In telophase opposite poles of the chromosomes lose their identity and nuclear membranes is formed around the daughter nuclei. Nucleolus also reappears. So, it is reverse of prophase.
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Now a days, due to technological evolution we have modern and advanced devices than we have a 100 years ago. These devices and equipment like a DNA analyzer used in forensics have made it easier to analyze the victims DNA in no time. Not only these devices are fast and efficient but are also very accurate and help us get better and better results as the days of technological evolution are passing by....
Symbiosis in lichens is the mutually helpful symbiotic relationship of greenalgae and/or blue-green algae(cyanobacteria) living among filaments of a fungus, forming lichen. The algaeor cyanobacteria benefit their fungalpartner by producing organic carbon compounds through photosynthesis
