17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)
The Constitution, as it was adopted in 1788, made the Senate an assembly where the states would have equal representation. Each state legislature would elect two senators to 6-year terms. Late in the 19th century, some state legislatures deadlocked over the election of a senator when different parties controlled different houses, and Senate vacancies could last months or years. In other cases, special interests or political machines gained control over the state legislature. Progressive reformers dismissed individuals elected by such legislatures as puppets and the Senate as a "millionaire’s club" serving powerful private interests.
One Progressive response to these concerns was the "Oregon system," which utilized a state primary election to identify the voters’ choice for Senator while pledging all candidates for the state legislature to honor the primary’s result. Over half of the states adopted the "Oregon system," but the 1912 Senate investigation of bribery and corruption in the election of Illinois Senator William Lorimer indicated that only a constitutional amendment mandating the direct election of Senators by a state’s citizenry would allay public demands for reform.
When the House passed proposed amendments for the direct election of Senators in 1910 and 1911, they included a "race rider" meant to bar Federal intervention in cases of racial discrimination among voters. This would be done by vesting complete control of Senate elections in state governments. A substitute amendment by Senator Joseph L. Bristow of Kansas provided for the direct election of Senators without the "race rider." It was adopted by the Senate on a close vote before the proposed constitutional amendment itself passed the Senate. Over a year later, the House accepted the change, and on April 8, 1913, the resolution became the 17th amendment.
I believe the answer is <span>Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold. Hope this helps.
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Carolina turns into a place for aristocratic whites and many dark slaves as a result of some cheerful children of English landed families denied of a legacy went to the region and slaves required for rice ranches.
King Charles II guaranteed the Lord Proprietors expansive homes and manors in the New World. The province of Carolina was home to a significant number of the first pilgrims who went there from Barbados, carrying their slave framework with them. Because of the African information of rice development, many slaves were transported in to explore different avenues regarding the item. The African slaves were almost insusceptible to intestinal sickness, so they made up the vast majority of the populace, working in the fields while the white gentry led lives of extravagance.
<span>Winning South and Midwest electoral college votes allowed Bush to win
But the number of votes that Bush receive from these electoral college is sigificantly low compared to what Ronald Reagan got during his presidency, which indicates that George Bush is pretty much disliked by the Republican voters compared to Al Gore.</span>
