Since you provide no options, i assuming it would be : National spending
It's a total calculation of the amount of goods/services that being consumed by a nation within a specific period (usually calculated every year)
hope this helps
The correct option is number 3: it helps the reader see Huck's father through Huck's eyes.
What best describes the effect of the narration in this excerpt, is how Huck shows the reader the way he sees his father.
He describes his father with a negative connotation. For example, using words such as greasy, white to make a body sick and tangled and he even says that his clothes are just rags. So, the description of how Huck sees his father can give the reader the notion that his perception of his father was negative.

Actually Welcome to the Concept of the history.
=> Potatoes and quinoa were among the unique crops; Camelids (llamas and alpacas) and guinea pigs were the unique domesticated animals.
=> The Incan civilization was predominantly agricultural. The Incas had to overcome the adversities of the Andean terrain and weather.
The correct answer is option D. "Companies replaced hand-operated brakes with air brakes on trains". The development of air brakes on trains was a significant improvement of railroad safety. Air brakes function much more faster than hand-operated brakes, because hand-operated brakes required that the brakemen turned the brakes in one car and jump to the next to set the brakes on, and so on.
“We see different views of the Universe from where we live as Earth makes its yearly trip around the solar system. That is why we have a different Star Finder for each month, as different constellations come into view.”