The Oxidation-Fermentation Test is used to differentiate bacteria built on their capability to oxidize or ferment specific sugars.
Once microbes are inoculated,-One tube is sealed with a layer of sterile mineral oil to promote anaerobic growth and fermentation.-The other tube is left unsealed to allow aerobic growth and oxidation.
Organisms able to ferment the carbohydrate or ferment and oxidize the carbohydrate will turn the sealed and unsealed yellow throughout.
Organisms able only to oxidize the sugar will turn the unsealed yellow medium and leave the sealed medium green or blue.
Fragile fermenters will convert both tubes slightly yellow at the top.
Organisms not able to metabolize the sugar will either produce no color change or will turn the medium blue due to alkaline products from amino acids degradation.
Since Pair #1 showed complete yellowing for sealed and unsealed, these Organisms able to ferment the carbohydrate or ferment and oxidize the carbohydrate. So our interpretation will be that the organism has: Oxidation and fermentation OR fermentation only.
For tubes #2 and #3, the sealed tubes were green throughout suggests that they need oxygen for aerobic growth, and the fact that their unsealed tubes showed light yellowing is evidence for oxidation. Sealed - Green and Unseal - Yellow. Our interpretation for these pairs of tubes would be : Oxidation
Tube 1 can be either Oxidation and fermentation OR fermentation only. So reliability of this needs to be confirmed more with additional testing.
Tubes 2 and 3 are most reliable because they can only be oxidation only and no fermentation.
<h2>
GREETINGS!</h2><h2>
_____________________________________</h2>
<u>ANSWER</u><u>:</u>
<h2><u>DEFINITIONS</u></h2><h2>_____________________________________</h2><h3><u>VOLUNTARY MUSCLES:</u></h3>
Voluntary muscles are those muscles which work under our conscious control and can be controlled at will also we can choose choose them when to use and when not to use. These are simply SKELETAL MUSCLES attached to the bone, so all the movements of hand and legs and whatever u do are because of voluntary muscles.
<h3><u>__________________________________________________</u></h3><h3><u>INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES:</u></h3>
the muscles in the human body that do not work under our will and we cant control them. They are mainly controlled by the autonomic nervous system in the body. So, involuntary muscles include all the muscles whose activity which is not controlled by our NERVES. They are also called SMOOTH MUSCLES since they are present as the visceral layer over the organs.
<h2>_____________________________________</h2><h2>DIFFERENCES</h2>
1) VOLUNTARY MUSCLES are under our control but INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES are not under our control
2) VOLUNTARY MUSCLES are also known as skeletal muscles but INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES are also known as smooth muscles
3) VOLUNTARY MUSCLES are attached to the bones in the body, but INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES are attached to the soft hollow internal organs.
4) VOLUNTARY MUSCLES are controlled by the somatic nervous system. INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES are controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
5) VOLUNTARY MSUCLES require more energy. INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES require less energy.
<h2>
_____________________________________</h2><h2>
HOPE THIS HELPS!</h2><h2 />
It was at that POINT MUTATION began
Answer: D) Tree roots improve soil water retention
There are many reasons which states that deforestation increases the risk of flood. First , some water stay on the leaves and evaporates in to the atmosphere. Second, tree leaves reduce the impact of raindrops on the soil which causes less soil erosion.
Third, tree roots absorb water from the soil, which make the soil dry and it absorb more water rainwater. The roots of tree hold the soil in place and reduce the movement of sediment which reduce the capacity of river to break its banking. Thus, reducing the chances of flood.
