I think its D but im not sure this question is confusing.
Carbonates + acid ----> water + salt + carbon dioxide
<h2>The answer is:</h2>
Expansion and cracking
<h2>Explanation:</h2>
Whenever water freezes, it is expanded about 9 percent. Since the water in moist concrete freezes it producing pressure in the pores of the concrete. The collective effect of freeze-thaw cycles and disruption of aggregate can eventually cause expansion and cracking, scaling, and crumbling of the concrete that is formed from moist.
According to the hierarchy it is the Genus