Answer:
The cognitive bias presented in the question above is an example of framing bias.
Explanation:
Cognitive bias is the term used to designate a deviation from rationality and logic, which our brain makes to confirm information based on our own mental patterns and not based on real and concrete factors. In the question above, we can see an example of cognitive bias called framing bias. Framing bias refers to the mental illusion of judging the quality of an element based on information presented by other elements. In this type of bias, it is common for a comparison to be made between the elements, where it is concluded, incorrectly, that the element less similar to the high quality element is less valuable. We have an example of this type of bias in the question above, where after receiving the information that St. Louise Hawks was the best team in the league, the Kansas City Kings concluded that it would be the worst team in the league, as it was too different from the other teams.
1838-42 - British forces invade, install King Shah Shujah. He is assassinated in 1842. British and Indian troops are massacred during retreat from Kabul.
1878-80 - Second Anglo-Afghan War. A treaty gives Britain control of Afghan foreign affairs.
1919 - Emir Amanullah Khan declares independence from British influence.
1926-29 - Amanullah tries to introduce social reforms, which however stir civil unrest. He flees.
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1933 - Zahir Shah becomes king and Afghanistan remains a monarchy for next four decades.
1953 - General Mohammed Daud becomes prime minister. Turns to Soviet Union for economic and military assistance. Introduces social reforms, such as abolition of purdah (practice of secluding women from public view).
1963 - Mohammed Daud forced to resign as prime minister.
1964 - Constitutional monarchy introduced - but leads to political polarisation and power struggles.
1973 - Mohammed Daud seizes power in a coup and declares a republic. Tries to play off USSR against Western powers.
1978 - General Daud is overthrown and killed in a pro-Soviet coup. The People's Democratic Party comes to power but is paralysed by violent infighting and faces opposition by US-backed mujahideen groups.
