The purpose of a spinning Jenny is to increase the speed of textile productions.
These companies were all joint-stock companies. This means that these companies were all owned by several people called shareholders. The purpose for these joint-stock companies was to reduce risk of overseas trade. If something were to happen to the company or its goods, there would only be minimal setbacks with each of the shareholders, rather than a huge setback with one owner.
I'd say it was the authority of the people. The constitution. even more specifically The Bill of Rights, was formed to protect our rights.
I think when they wanted to raise the taxes because the Patriots didn't wanted the British to raised the taxes and they wanted freedom