Answer:
Explanation:
Obergefell v. Hodges, 576 U.S. 644 (2015) (/ˈoʊbərɡəfɛl/ OH-bər-gə-fel), is a landmark civil rights case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The 5–4 ruling requires all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and the Insular Areas to perform and recognize the marriages of same-sex couples on the same terms and conditions as the marriages of opposite-sex couples, with all the accompanying rights and responsibilities.[2][3]
Between January 2012 and February 2014, plaintiffs in Michigan, Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee filed federal district court cases that culminated in Obergefell v. Hodges. After all district courts ruled for the plaintiffs, the rulings were appealed to the Sixth Circuit. In November 2014, following a series of appeals court rulings that year from the Fourth, Seventh, Ninth, and Tenth Circuits that state-level bans on same-sex marriage were unconstitutional, the Sixth Circuit ruled that it was bound by Baker v. Nelson and found such bans to be constitutional.[4] This created a split between circuits and led to a Supreme Court review.
Decided on June 26, 2015, Obergefell overturned Baker and requires all states to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples and to recognize same-sex marriages validly performed in other jurisdictions.[5] This established same-sex marriage throughout the United States and its territories. In a majority opinion authored by Justice Anthony Kennedy, the Court examined the nature of fundamental rights guaranteed to all by the Constitution, the harm done to individuals by delaying the implementation of such rights while the democratic process plays out,[6] and the evolving understanding of discrimination and inequality that has developed greatly since Baker.[7]
Prior to Obergefell, same-sex marriage had already been established by law, court ruling, or voter initiative in thirty-six states, the District of Columbia, and Guam.[3]
The Virginia plan
It established a bicameral house that would legislate on behalf of the states and enforce the federal authority. Prior to that the thirteen states were living like thirteen nation as there was no power granted to the federal government to enforce its action on states.
In Germany, the power is with the people (=it's a democracy) which are represented by the members of the parliament: it's a representative democracy. It's also a federation of 16 states.
Iran, on the other hand is a theocracy: a country ruled by the members of the clergy. It can also be named an oligarchy: the power is with a few members of the society.
The answer is B. Hope that helped!
Answer:
Nationalism had a strong effect on Europe's development during the 1800s
Explanation:
Many people from other nations are extremely proud to be where they're from and very much loyal to the country itself. This played a huge role in the 1800s as it helped progress and strengthen nations to come together as a whole, it also help create and unify many european nations like Romania, Greece, and many more thanks to the help of nationalists and their fight for independence. Nationalism helped in political development as well as many pushed away from monarchy rule. As well nationalism contributed to competition and tension between many countries during these times too.
