The four phases of modernization proposed by economist Walt Rostow in 1960 are:
- "Pre-condition": or need for an improvement in the way a particular activity is being done in society.
- The "pre-condition takes off": Efforts targeted to assess this need start, including the production of raw materials and knowledge developments.
- "Take-off": Knowledge previously created during the latter phase is diffused and adopted by the masses.
- "Maturity": The development has reached a peak where it is common knowledge and the impact over society has already occurred.
9 is an odd multiple of 6
