The emperor's successors viewed expansion as a waste of resources
The record of European expansion contains pages as grim as any in history. The African slave trade—begun by the Africans and the Arabs and turned into a profitable seaborne enterprise by the Portuguese, Dutch, and English—is a series of horrors, from the rounding up of the slaves by local chieftains in Africa, through their transportation across the Atlantic, to their sale in the Indies.
American settlers virtually exterminated the native population east of the Mississippi. There were, of course,
exceptions to this bloody rule. In New England missionaries like John Eliot (1604-1690) did set up little bands of “praying Indians,” and in Pennsylvania relations between the Quakers and Native Americans were excellent. Yet the European diseases, which could not be controlled, together with alcohol, did more to exterminate the Native Americans than did fire and sword.
Seen in terms of economics, however, the expansion of Europe in early modern times was more complex than simple “exploitation” and “plundering.” There was, in dealing with the native populations, much giving of “gifts” of nominal value in exchange for land and goods of great value. The almost universally applied mercantilist policy kept money and manufacturing in the home country. It relegated the colonies to producing raw materials—a role that tended to keep colonies of settlement relatively primitive and economically dependent.
It would be the "legislative branch" that is divided into two separate chambers--one is called the Senate and the other is called the House of Representatives. This is called a "bicameral" legislature.
"The people" were originally White, Property-owning Males over 21. They were the only ones that could originally vote. The property owning portion will almost completely be gone by 1828 (this is what helped Andrew Jackson get elected). Non white men will begin being able to vote with the passing of the 15th Amendment after the Civil War. Women will earn suffrage (right to vote) in 1920 with the 19th Amendment. Lastly, we'll lower the voting age to 18 in 1971 with the 26th Amendment, due to the Vietnam War.
What book ? if you send the book cover
